Exploring Wildlife Corridors: A Close Look at Groups Working On The Ground

The sixth extinction crisis is currently underway, with one in five migratory species at risk of extinction due to human development, urban sprawl, and irresponsible agricultural practices. As we encroach on their habitats, carnivorous mammals like coyotes and bears are increasingly venturing into suburban and urban areas in search of food.

One of the most visible consequences of human-wildlife interactions is the high number of vehicle-animal collisions that occur each year in the US. These collisions result in hundreds of human fatalities, millions of animal deaths, and billions of dollars in property damage. The fragmentation of habitats by roads and buildings also isolates wildlife populations, leading to inbreeding and disrupting natural hunting and migration patterns.

To address these challenges, a bipartisan infrastructure bill passed in 2021 allocated $350 million for wildlife road crossings. These crossings, built under or over roads with guiding fencing, have been shown to reduce wildlife-car collisions by up to 97 percent. They provide safe passage for animals, allowing them to move freely between fragmented habitats.

In North Carolina, efforts are underway to build wildlife corridors across Highway 64 to protect the endangered red wolf population. With fewer than 25 red wolves left in the wild, the construction of wildlife crossings could prevent further deaths and help other species like black bears, snakes, turtles, and bobcats safely navigate the highway.

In the Northern Rockies, organizations like WildEarth Guardians are working to protect important habitats for grizzly bears, wolverines, lynx, Mexican wolves, and bull trout. By monitoring trails and challenging logging projects that threaten wildlife habitats, these groups are advocating for the preservation of critical landscape links.

Science-driven policies are essential for enhancing wildlife connectivity and combating the impacts of climate change on wildlife populations. Legislation like California’s Safe Roads and Wildlife Protection Act and the Room to Roam Act aim to identify barriers to wildlife movement on roads and promote habitat connectivity through measures like wildlife-friendly fencing, reduced light pollution, and native plantings.

By prioritizing wildlife safety and habitat connectivity, we can not only protect endangered species and prevent human-wildlife conflicts but also maintain healthy ecosystems that provide essential services like clean air, water, and pollination. Through collaborative efforts between activists, policymakers, and scientists, we can create a more sustainable future for both wildlife and humans.