Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Found in Dairy Herd in Van Buren County

The recent detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in a dairy herd from Van Buren County, Michigan, has raised concerns among farmers and officials alike. With the total number of affected dairy herds in the state now reaching 27, the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) is taking proactive measures to contain the spread of the virus.

The initial detection of HPAI in the dairy herd was made through testing at the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Subsequent samples have been sent to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Veterinary Services Laboratories for confirmatory testing. This swift action is crucial in identifying and addressing cases of HPAI to prevent further outbreaks.

In response to the growing threat of HPAI, MDARD Director Tim Boring issued the Determination of Extraordinary Emergency HPAI Risk Reduction and Response Order (HRRRO) on May 1, 2024. This order mandates enhanced biosecurity measures for all dairy operations in Michigan to reduce the risk of introducing the virus onto farms. Additionally, the order prohibits the exhibition of lactating dairy cattle and those in the last two months of pregnancy until there have been no new cases of HPAI in Michigan dairy cattle for at least 60 consecutive days.

Biosecurity measures are essential in combating HPAI and protecting the health and vitality of Michigan’s dairy cattle. Farmers are advised to implement key steps such as delaying or stopping incoming animals from herds with unknown health status, isolating new or returning animals, monitoring daily animal health, and contacting a veterinarian for any health concerns. Sick animals should be cared for separately, and equipment used around them should be cleaned and disinfected with EPA-registered products effective against avian influenza.

Furthermore, farmers should avoid sharing tools, equipment, or trailers with other farms, clean and disinfect trailers used for transporting animals, limit non-essential visitors, and provide clean clothing and footwear to those entering the farm. Hand-washing stations and gloves should be made available for farm workers to maintain hygiene and prevent the spread of the virus.

As part of the disease response, MDARD is collaborating with herd veterinarians to monitor animal health and conduct trace investigations. Personal protective equipment is being provided to dairy operations upon request, and outreach efforts are ongoing to educate farmers and prevent further spread of HPAI.

In conclusion, the detection of HPAI in Michigan’s dairy herds underscores the importance of biosecurity measures and swift response to disease outbreaks. By following strict protocols and working together with local, state, and federal partners, farmers can help mitigate the spread of HPAI and protect the health of their livestock.