Patagonia Fossils Show Jurassic Dinosaurs Exhibited Herd Behavior

In a groundbreaking discovery in Argentina’s southern Patagonia region, paleontologists have unearthed a treasure trove of fossils that provide a glimpse into the complex social structures of dinosaurs from the Jurassic Period. The fossils, which include over 100 dinosaur eggs and bones from about 80 juveniles and adults of the plant-eating species Mussaurus patagonicus, shed light on the herd behavior and nesting habits of these ancient creatures.

Led by paleontologist Diego Pol from the Egidio Feruglio Museum of Paleontology in Trelew, Argentina, the research team uncovered a scene frozen in time from 193 million years ago. The fossils reveal a mass death event, possibly caused by a drought, where the bodies of the dinosaurs were buried by wind-blown dust. Among the findings were 20 very complete skeletons of Mussaurus, a species that grew to about 20 feet long and weighed around 1.5 tons.

Mussaurus, with its long neck and tail, small head, and bipedal stance as an adult, lived in the early Jurassic period. The discovery of these fossils suggests that herd behavior existed in long-necked dinosaurs from their early history. The researchers believe that this social structure may have been a key factor in the success of these animals.

One of the most intriguing aspects of the discovery is the age separation observed among the dinosaurs at the time of their death. The fossils show that hatchlings and eggs were found in one area, while juvenile skeletons clustered nearby. This phenomenon indicates a complex social structure, with adults caring for the young and possibly forming breeding colonies in successive seasons.

The presence of age separation in the fossilized herd suggests that the dinosaurs lived together in groups, with adults protecting the young and vulnerable individuals from predatory attacks. This herd behavior was likely a survival strategy for the species, allowing them to thrive in their environment.

The fossils also provide insights into the nesting habits of these dinosaurs. The nesting sites were located on the shores of dry lakes, surrounded by ferns and conifers in a warm but seasonal climate. The eggs, about the size of a chicken, contained embryos that were confirmed to be from Mussaurus using high-resolution X-ray computer tomography.

Mussaurus belongs to a group of dinosaurs called sauropodomorphs, which were the evolutionary pioneers for the iconic sauropods known for their long necks, tails, and four pillar-like legs. The discovery of these fossils not only sheds light on the social behavior of early dinosaurs but also provides valuable information about the evolution of herbivorous dinosaurs.

Overall, the fossils unearthed in Argentina’s Patagonia region offer a rare and fascinating glimpse into the lives of dinosaurs from the Jurassic Period. The complex herd structures, nesting habits, and social behaviors observed in these fossils provide valuable insights into the ancient world of dinosaurs and the factors that contributed to their success as a species.