Rural Nigerian communities harvested more wild meat during the pandemic but sold less

The white-bellied pangolin, also known as Phataginus tricuspis, is a unique and fascinating species that inhabits the study site in south-east Nigeria. This elusive creature is heavily trafficked due to its scales being used in traditional medicine and its meat being considered a delicacy in some cultures. The researchers studying hunting dynamics in the area found themselves in a unique position to observe changes in wild meat hunting and use during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Cross River National Park (CRNP) in Nigeria is home to a diverse range of species, including the white-bellied pangolin. The researchers tracked 28 hunters in rural communities near the park over a three-year period, including during and after the COVID-19 lockdown. They compared the frequency of successful hunting trips and the outcomes of these trips, such as the number, mass, value, and use of animals caught.

The study revealed that the pandemic-related restrictions prompted people to hunt more during the lockdown, as it provided a source of food and income during a time of economic hardship. Hunters consumed a larger proportion of the wild meat they caught, as markets were closed and trade was limited to within communities. This increased hunting pressure during the lockdown raised concerns about the vulnerability of wildlife populations, including the white-bellied pangolin.

The researchers emphasized the importance of considering the impacts of policy interventions on food security in rural communities during times of crisis. Blanket bans on hunting and consuming wild meat could have unintended consequences and may not address the underlying issues of food insecurity. Instead, they suggested that providing additional support, such as extra protein for communities, could help alleviate the pressure on wildlife populations.

In conclusion, the study highlighted the interconnectedness of local communities and wildlife populations, particularly during times of crisis. Sustainable hunting practices and investments in law enforcement in protected areas are essential to ensure the long-term resilience of both communities and wildlife. By addressing the root causes of over-harvesting and depletion of wildlife populations, we can better prepare for future shocks and mitigate their economic and ecological impacts.